• Intentional injury child mortality
• Criminal victimisation
• Perceptions of safety
• Road casualties

Perceptions of safety

Relevance

Feeling safe is fundamental to wellbeing. Anxiety and worries about victimisation detract from wellbeing, and may cause people to alter their behaviour to avoid being victimised. This limits people's options and can reduce their freedom. However, people's subjective perceptions about safety do not always reflect the actual risk of becoming a crime victim.

Current level

In 2001, 29 percent of New Zealanders reported feeling unsafe walking alone in their neighbourhood at night. A fifth (20 percent) reported feeling only "a bit unsafe", while 9 percent felt "very unsafe".

Figure SS3.1 Proportion of the population who felt unsafe walking alone in their neighbourhood after dark, 2001

Source: Morris et al (2003)

People's perceptions varied widely according to their behaviour. Of people who reported they did not walk alone at night, 30 percent reported feeling it would be "a bit unsafe" and 16 percent said they felt walking alone was "very unsafe". People who reported they walked alone at night were much less likely to feel unsafe. Only 10 percent felt "a bit unsafe" and 1 percent felt "very unsafe".

Age and sex differences

Women were considerably more likely than men to report feeling unsafe about walking alone after dark (45 percent for females and 11 percent for males). Women were over three times more likely than men to report feeling "a bit unsafe" and over eight times more likely to report feeling "very unsafe".

Just over a third (34 percent) of those aged 60 years and over said they felt it would be unsafe to walk alone in their neighbourhood after dark. This compares with 27 percent of people aged 15–24 years. At all ages, women felt less safe than men.

Table SS3.1 Proportion (%) of adults aged 15 years and over who felt unsafe walking alone in their neighbourhood after dark, by age groups and sex, 2001

Source: Morris et al (2003)

Ethnic differences

Pacific peoples were more likely than other ethnic groups to report feeling unsafe about walking alone in their neighbourhood after dark. Over a third (38 percent) of Pacific peoples said they would "feel unsafe", compared to 29 percent of the European and the Other ethnic groups. The difference is greatest for the proportion of people who felt "very unsafe". Māori, by way of contrast, generally felt safer than other ethnic groups. Just over one-fifth (22 percent) of Māori said they would "feel unsafe" walking alone after dark in their neighbourhood, while 6 percent stated they would feel "very unsafe".

Women were more likely than males to report "feeling unsafe" walking alone in their neighbourhood after dark for all ethnic groups. Pacific men were more than twice as likely as European and Māori men to report "feeling unsafe". In contrast, a similar proportion of Pacific and European women reported they felt unsafe, while the proportion among Māori women was much lower. Pacific women, however, were considerably more likely to report feeling "very unsafe" compared to other groups.

Table SS3.2 Proportion (%) of adults aged 15 years and over who felt unsafe walking alone in their neighbourhood after dark, by ethnicity and sex, 2001

Source: Morris et al (2003)